Evaluation of the Correlation Between Hematological Parameters and Thyroid Cancer in Patients With Thyroid Nodules

Background & Aims: Scientific evidence has shown that there is a correlation between thyroid diseases and cancers and some hematological parameters.This study aimed to determine the relationship between hematological markers and thyroid cancer in patients with thyroid nodules visiting Imam Khomeini Hospital in Urmia. Materials & Methods:In this cross-sectional study, 114 patients diagnosed with thyroid cancer of the FTC (follicular thyroid carcinoma) and PTC (papillary thyroid carcinoma) types and 128 individuals with benign thyroid nodules were included as the control group.Hematological parameters, including hemoglobin level, platelet count, mean platelet volume, lymphocyte count, and neutrophil count, were measured before the initiation of any treatment in the patients.The independent t-test and logistic regression were used to compare the two groups and to establish the relationship between thyroid cancer and hematological parameters.Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of gender and age (p > 0.05).The average hemoglobin level in patients with thyroid cancer was significantly lower than in the control group (12.85 1.58 vs. 13.51 1.79, p = 0.003), while other parameters did not show a significant difference (p > 0.05).A hemoglobin drop below 12.85 in patients with thyroid cancer was identified as an effective threshold, with the risk of low hemoglobin being 1.28 times higher in patients with thyroid cancer compared to the control group.Other parameters were not identified as significant. Conclusion:A low initial hemoglobin level can be proposed as a preliminary diagnostic parameter for patients with thyroid cancer.The odds ratio of thyroid cancer incidence in patients with Hb less than 12.85 g/dL is 1.28 times higher than in others (p: 0.004).