Key result
Social isolation significantly exacerbated CA/CPR-induced neuronal cell death, neuroinflammation, depressive-like behavior, and cardiac autonomic dysregulation in male mice.
Why the study?
Does social isolation exacerbate pathophysiological and behavioral responses to cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation in mice?
Does social isolation exacerbate pathophysiological and behavioral responses to cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation in mice?
Social isolation exacerbates neuroinflammatory, autonomic, and behavioral responses following cardiac arrest and CPR in a mouse model.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Hypothesis-generating for social isolation worsening post-arrest outcomes in mice; leaves open human translation and clinical relevance.
Psychological factors, including depression and social isolation, are important determinants of cardiovascular health. The current study uses a well-validated mouse model of cardiac arrest/cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CA/CPR) to examine the effect of social environment on several pathophysiological and behavioral responses to cerebral ischemia. Male experimental mice were either housed in pairs with an ovariectomized female or socially isolated for the duration of the experiment. Cardiac arrest increased the mRNA expression of the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, as well as the microglia marker MAC-1; expression of each of these factors, except IL-6, was further increased among socially isolated mice. Furthermore, socially isolated animals exposed to the CA/CPR procedure displayed significantly higher levels of neuronal cell death and microglia staining within the hippocampus at 7 d following surgery. Social isolation also exacerbated CA/CPR-induced depressive-like behavior and cardiac autonomic dysregulation. In the absence of ischemic damage, social environment had no significant effect on the expression of neuronal cell death, autonomic cardiac control, or behavior. Together, these data suggest that social factors influence the pathophysiological trajectory following cardiac arrest.
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Norman et al. (2010) studied Cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CA/CPR). Social isolation vs. Housed in pairs with an ovariectomized female was evaluated on Pathophysiological and behavioral responses to cerebral ischemia (cytokine expression, neuronal cell death, depressive-like behavior). Social isolation significantly exacerbated CA/CPR-induced neuronal cell death, neuroinflammation, depressive-like behavior, and cardiac autonomic dysregulation in male mice.
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