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We study the Kohmoto model including Sturmian Hamiltonians and the associated Kohmoto butterfly. We prove spectral estimates for the operators using Farey numbers. In addition, we determine the impurities at rational rotations leading to the spectral defects in the Kohmoto butterfly. Our results are similar to the ones obtained for the almost-Mathieu operator and the associated Hofstadter butterfly.
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Beckus et al. (2025) studied this question.
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