Intermittent Fasting After Spinal Cord Injury Does Not Improve the Recovery of Baroreflex Regulation in the Rat

Figures

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  FIGURE 1. Grouped data showing the mean daily food intake (A), water intake (B), and weekly body weight (C) in rats 1 week after sham-lesion or T8 spinal hemisection and fed daily (Ad-lib sham n = 4, Ad-Lib lesion n = 5) or every other day (EODF, sham n = 5, EODF lesion n = 6). Grouped data showing the mean weekly food intake (D), water intake (E), and weekly body weight (F) in rats with sham-lesion or T8 spinal hemisection and fed either daily (ad-lib sham n = 7, ad-lib lesion n = 5) or every other day (EODF, sham n = 5, EODF lesion n = 9). Data are represented as means ± SE (*significantly different from ad-lib sham, **EODF lesion and EODF sham significantly different from ad-lib lesion and ad-lib sham, #EODF sham and EODF lesion significantly different from ad-lib sham, P < 0.05). Two-way ANOVA with lesion and diet as factors was used to analyze (A,B) and two-way repeated-measures ANOVA with lesion, diet, and time (before and after or week 0–7) as factors (C–F) with Holms-Sidak post-test.

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  FIGURE 2. Group data showing the arterial pressure (A) and heart rate (B) 1 week or 7 weeks sham lesion (1-week n = 9, 7-week n = 12) or left hemisection and fed either ad-lib daily (1-week n = 5, 7-week n = 5) or every other day (EODF; 1-week n = 6, 7-week n = 9). Data are represented as means ± SE. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVAs with group (sham lesions, ad-lib lesion, EDOF lesion) and time (1, 7 weeks) as factors with Holms-Sidak post-test.

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  FIGURE 3. Representative tracings from rats in which baroreflex responsiveness of renal sympathetic nerve activity (RNSA) was performed 1 week (A) or 7 weeks (B) after either sham lesion or T8 left hemisection and fed either ad-lib daily or every other day (EODF). Tracings show the arterial pressure, left RSNA, and the baroreflex response in RSNA to changes in arterial pressure. Changes in arterial pressure were induced by I.V. infusion of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and phenylephrine (PE). Scale bar equals 10 s.

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  FIGURE 4. Grouped data showing baroreflex relationship of arterial pressure and left RSNA from sham-lesioned (n = 12), ad-lib (n = 5), and EODF (n = 9) rats 1 week (A) or 7 weeks (B) after T8 left hemisection. Maximal gain of the baroreflex response (C), maximum plateau of RSNA during baroreflex testing (D), and minimum plateau of RSNA during baroreflex testing (E). Data are represented as means ± SE. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVAs with group (sham lesions, EDOF + lesion, lesion) and time (1 week, 7 weeks) as factors with Holms-Sidak post-test. ∗Significantly different from 1-week sham, #significantly different from 7-week sham, P < 0.05.