The death rates from specific causes have been studied in relation to smoking habits in a group of /87,783 men between the ages ofSO and 69. During the period of the study 11,870 of these men died. For micro scopically proved cases of cancer as well asfor the total cases reported as cancer, it wasfound that the death rates were higher among regular cigarette smokers than among men who never smoked, that the mortality ratio increased with the number of cigarettes smoked per day, and that the death rates were higher among pipe and
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Hammond et al. (1988) studied this question.
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