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in water and 135-607.5 items/kg in sediment. Significant spatial variation in MP concentrations (p 1000) observed at several locations indicate severe contamination, categorized under Hazard Level IV, indicating significant environmental risks. The PERI analysis showed considerable variability in risk levels across the lake, with certain areas classified as "extreme Danger" (>1200), highlighting severe ecological threats from MP contamination. Multivariate analyses (CA and PCA) revealed that human activities are likely the primary sources of MPs in the lake. These findings reveal pronounced spatial variations in MPs contamination and ecological risk across Kaptai Lake, underscoring the need for improved waste management and awareness initiatives around industrial, residential, and tourism-influenced zones.
Pathan et al. (Mon,) studied this question.