Effect of Aerobic Training Along With Omega-3 on Il-17 and Il-22 in Visceral Adipose Tissue of Aged Rats Fed With a High-Fat Diet

Background & Aims: Considering the systemic inflammation and disorder in the immune system with increasing age and obesity, as well as the effect of aerobic training and omega-3 in modulating inflammation and immunity, the aim of the present study was to determine the effect of aerobic training and omega-3 on the expression of IL-17 and IL-22 in visceral adipose tissue of elderly rats fed with a high-fat diet. Materials & Methods:In this experimental study, 40 male Wistar rats (mean weight : 148.82 18.24 grams) were divided into 5 groups: Normal Diet (ND), High-Fat Diet (HFD), High-Fat Diet-Training (HFDT), High-Fat Diet-Omega3 (HFD3), and High-Fat Diet-Training-Omega3 (HFDT3).The supplement groups received 1 g of omega-3 (per kg of body weight) orally during the intervention period.An aerobic training program, including running on a treadmill with an intensity of 50-60% oxygen consumption (VO2max), was performed 5 days a week for eight weeks.Forty-eight hours after the research protocol, gene expression levels in fat tissue were measured by the real-time PCR method.Results: HFD induction was associated with an increase in the expression of IL-17 and IL-22 (p = 0.0001).A significant decrease was observed in IL-17 and IL-22 in HFDT (p = 0.026 and p = 0.037, respectively), HFD3 (p = 0.035 and p = 0.044, respectively), and HFDT3 (p = 0.0001 and p = 0.0001, respectively) compared to HFD; and HFDT3 compared to both HFDT (p = 0.049 and p = 0.039, respectively) and HFD3 (p = 0.037 and p = 0.033, respectively). Conclusion:Aerobic training and omega-3 consumption can reduce visceral adipose tissue IL-17 and IL-22, immune disorders, and inflammation induced by HFD in aged rats.However, the effect of combining exercise and supplementation is better.