The Enigmatic Acyl Carrier Protein Phosphodiesterase of Escherichia coli

The acyl carrier proteins (ACPs) of fatty acid synthesis are functional only when modified by attachment of the prosthetic group, 4′-phosphopantetheine (4′-PP), which is transferred from CoA to the hydroxyl group of a specific serine residue. Almost 40 years ago Vagelos and Larrabee (Vagelos, P. R., and Larrabee, A. (1967) J. Biol. Chem. 242, 1776-1781) reported an from the prosthetic is by a of a of the is is of the prosthetic group to the and is a The to acyl of and is are The acyl carrier proteins (ACPs) of fatty acid synthesis are functional only when modified by attachment of the prosthetic group, 4′-phosphopantetheine (4′-PP), which is transferred from CoA to the hydroxyl group of a specific serine residue. Almost 40 years ago Vagelos and Larrabee (Vagelos, P. R., and Larrabee, A. (1967) J. Biol. Chem. 242, 1776-1781) reported an from the prosthetic is by a of a of the is is of the prosthetic group to the and is a The to acyl of and is are carrier proteins (ACPs) acyl carrier acyl carrier are proteins are modified by attachment of 4′-phosphopantetheine is transferred from CoA and a to the hydroxyl group of a specific serine the of the The are of fatty acid synthesis the group of the the fatty acid to are J. Biol. Chem. J. A. and the of P. The is to the of by Chem. Biol. the P. Chem. Biol. and is the only J. Biol. Chem. J. Biol. Chem. to the of fatty acid synthesis are and synthesis proteins and carrier Chem. Biol. proteins the J. Biol. Chem. and J. A. J. J. the of the prosthetic group of and of Vagelos and Larrabee Larrabee J. Biol. Chem. reported an the of The and and to a and and Larrabee J. Biol. Chem. The of the of Larrabee J. Biol. Chem. to to the only of years and J. reported to an of and reported an to the the to of a and J. and and which to an J. Biol. Chem. and J. the of a of the of the of the prosthetic group of of the to the J. Vagelos J. Biol. Chem. of by the of CoA and the of prosthetic group the of CoA J. Biol. Chem. CoA prosthetic group the of synthesis of the the of an of to of the J. Biol. Chem. the of the the of the the by Vagelos and Larrabee Larrabee J. Biol. Chem. to the The to and The from the and the of of the and from from The and from from The from from and from from and of and and J. Biol. Chem. and and and J. the of the and of a and a from of and of a a from A. a the of A. J. a and of the to the J. Biol. Chem. the to by to and a from the and to The by and to to and of of of and to of of the to of and a The an of and of the and by The a of of the of and and the of the and from from from an of the and to of the from The to and the The and a of from the and to The to and from and and of the are The from and The the to which a from a The and and the and the to the A. The from and and the of the of the by and by a to to The by of of a modified the J. Biol. Chem. is and to an of and a The an of and the by and an of to the and The and the to a to The and The a by and acid by and the group the the by and a from The of a of the and which a of J. Biol. Chem. to the The and a of and The to by J. Biol. Chem. J. Biol. Chem. and by to the of of fatty and and J. a and to the by of by the of and J. The and and acyl carrier a of by the of of and by the of acid to The acid and of of by by by the and the of from an of The by by of the from the of the acid of to the acid and of the of and a the and acid a and 40 The to to the an of and and the and of and by and of to and a The an of and of the The by and from the The to a of and the and of the and a to a of and the of and of and to J. Chem. The of the and by of the of to and J. Biol. Chem. The a and and The the to and of the to a a of and of of and a The proteins the of to the and the by the of of the by of the from J. the of an J. Biol. Chem. the is a a of a to the J. Biol. Chem. of the to a of to by of fatty acid synthesis and by the of a of J. Biol. Chem. the J. the the The is a an of and the the of of are of is the the The a of the J. the of a of of from the to a the is to of and to of the the to The of the of the a the only of and The and to of The to to a of to a of a are J. The of of of and of of and from the and the by a a the by the of the to the the of to the of a The of the of the and the the of a of the and a the of of of the acyl carrier J. Biol. Chem. and the of the the the of a from a of and when a of from and the the by from the and of the and of a a the and the the a from the to the The of of and the is a of The of the the of and J. from the of J. The to Larrabee J. Biol. Chem. and to only and the of which a acid of of by The are and are the of the The are and which the by the by when of from and by the and of the of the from an of of the of by of the The of by the of of and by of and the of of the and of only a and of from and the to a a and of a of the and the of the and J. a of and reported to of proteins P. J. Biol. Chem. to the from the from when and the by the of J. Chem. only of to the to to the of The from the the of and the an of the and and the The proteins from the of and and to and the only which from a the of J. Biol. Chem. J. Biol. The the of the the and and are of the the of the of of the to to by the when only the of specific of of the and to the of the of a and is a the the and of of a of of a and a an and the by The of the the of The a from CoA by the to the to Larrabee J. Biol. Chem. of the of and The of to the The of and of of the by 40 The acid and of the and CoA and the The by a to the of prosthetic group by of which a and J. of the 4′-phosphopantetheine group of CoA and by and of CoA by to The and to of and by by a J. Biol. Chem. the of from the of to the CoA the of to the of the of prosthetic group and J. J. reported the from prosthetic group is to the and by the the of the and the and J. reported from of CoA and the by by and a of the the of the of and J. of the prosthetic group an and which the of CoA and to The by and to of the and a of by and of the of and of and group a of from the of the is an prosthetic group of the and of by the of only of the of and Larrabee Larrabee J. Biol. Chem. reported the of acyl of fatty acyl from to from the fatty and The and of the the acyl the the are the of to The to a the and fatty the and The fatty and of the and the The and a of to from the of fatty acid synthesis acyl carrier proteins from and the of and J. of the of of the the proteins only by the which a of P. The of and by and the prosthetic group from the of A. and of the of the the serine are of the of carrier proteins J. Biol. Chem. J. J. Biol. Chem. is to the of and A. are to and are of to of of of the the A. and CoA and and The which of which and the and by of the The by by of a and a from the of the serine of the acyl carrier proteins A. The are and The the serine and the the 40 years ago Larrabee J. Biol. Chem. the to and the the of The and to The an the The are from the of to to and only and of the of to a of the of prosthetic group is to of of the of the the the prosthetic group to is by J. Biol. Chem. a of by and of the prosthetic reported to by of CoA and of which are of Chem. Biol. and P. Chem. Biol. J. Biol. Chem. is to the of is an J. and J. Biol. Chem. J. Biol. Chem. is by an an the of of of the a and the and from a by of by the of the are is the specific of and the of the by of a an and J. the of is to of the is to the of prosthetic group only are are modified the the the of the A. J. J. and J. Biol. Chem. is the of and of the from of the the of to and the is of is the to and of an of of a the of the to a of of the by the of the of the a is to The is of the The from of the a the a the only an is the of to the A. is when the to A. to an the of CoA the of and CoA is to and is an is The the is only a of is to the of which is of A. is a the to an an acyl the of is to Biol. which an carrier proteins (ACPs) acyl carrier acyl carrier are proteins are modified by attachment of 4′-phosphopantetheine is transferred from CoA and a to the hydroxyl group of a specific serine the of the The are of fatty acid synthesis the group of the the fatty acid to are J. Biol. Chem. J. A. and the of P. The is to the of by Chem. Biol. the P. Chem. Biol. and is the only J. Biol. Chem. J. Biol. Chem. to the of fatty acid synthesis are and synthesis proteins and carrier Chem. Biol. proteins the J. Biol. Chem. and J. A. J. J. the of the prosthetic group of and of Vagelos and Larrabee Larrabee J. Biol. Chem. reported an the of The and and to a and and Larrabee J. Biol. Chem. The of the of Larrabee J. Biol. Chem. to to the only of years and J. reported to an of and reported an to the the to of a and J. and and which to an J. Biol. Chem. and J. the of a of the The of the of the prosthetic group of of the to the J. Vagelos J. Biol. Chem. of by the of CoA and the of prosthetic group the of CoA J. Biol. Chem. CoA prosthetic group the of synthesis of the the of an of to of the J. Biol. Chem. the of the the of the the by Vagelos and Larrabee Larrabee J. Biol. Chem. to the The to and The from the and the of of the and from from The and from from The from from and from from and of and and J. Biol. Chem. and and and J. the of the and of a and a from of and of a a from A. a the of A. J. a and of the to the J. Biol. Chem. the to by to and a from the and to The by and to to and of of of and to of of the to of and a The an of and of the and by The a of of the of and and the of the and from from from an of the and to of the from The to and the The and a of from the and to The to and from and and of the are The from and The the to which a from a The and and the and the to the A. The from and and the of the of the by and by a to to The by of of a modified the J. Biol. Chem. is and to an of and a The an of and the by and an of to the and The and the to a to The and The a by and acid by and the group the the by and a from The of a of the and which a of J. Biol. Chem. to the The and a of and The to by J. Biol. Chem. J. Biol. Chem. and by to the of of fatty and and J. a and to the by of by the of and J. The and and acyl carrier a of by the of of and by the of acid to The acid and of of by by by the and the of from an of The by by of the from the of the acid of to the acid and of the of and a the and acid a and 40 The to to the an of and and the and of and by and of to and a The an of and of the The by and from the The to a of and the and of the and a to a of and the of and of and to J. Chem. The of the and by of the of to and J. Biol. Chem. The a and and The the to and of the to a a of and of of and a The proteins the of to the and the by the and from from The and from from The from from and from from and of and and J. Biol. Chem. and and and of the to the J. Biol. Chem. the to by to and a from the and to The by and to to and of of of and to of of the to of and a The an of and of the and by The a of of the of and and the of the and from from from an of the and to of the from The to and the The and a of from the and to The to and from and and of the are The from and The the to which a from a The and and the and the to the A. The from and and the of the of the by and by a to to The by of of a modified the J. Biol. Chem. is and to an of and a The an of and the by and an of to the and The and the to a to The and The a by and acid by and the group the the by and a from The of a of the and which a of J. Biol. Chem. to the The and a of and The to by J. Biol. Chem. J. Biol. Chem. and by to the of of fatty and and J. a and to the by of by the of and J. The and and acyl carrier a of by the of of and by the of acid to The acid and of of by by by the and the of from an of The by by of the from the of the acid of to the acid and of the of and a the and acid a and 40 The to to the an of and and the and of and by and of to and a The an of and of the The by and from the The to a of and the and of the and a to a of and the of and of and to J. Chem. The of the and by of the of to and J. Biol. Chem. The a and and The the to and of the to a a of and of of and a The proteins the of to the and the by the of of the by of the from J. the of an J. Biol. Chem. the is a a of a to the J. Biol. Chem. of the to a of to by of fatty acid synthesis and by the of a of J. Biol. Chem. the J. the the The is a an of and the the of of are of is the the The a of the J. the of a of of from the to a the is to of and to of the the to The of the of the a the only of and The and to of The to to a of to a of a are J. The of of of and of of and from the and the by a a the by the of the to the the of to the of a The of the of the and the the of a of the and a the of of of the acyl carrier J. Biol. Chem. and the of the the the of a from a of and when a of from and the the by from the and of the and of a a the and the the a from the to the The of of and the is a of The of the the of and J. from the of J. The to Larrabee J. Biol. Chem. and to only and the of which a which the by the by when of from and by the and of the of the from an of of the of by of the The of by the of of and by of and the of of the and of only a and of from and the to a a and of a of the and the of the and J. a of and reported to of proteins P. J. Biol. Chem. to the from the from when and the by the of J. Chem. only of to the to to the of The from the the of and the an of the and and the The proteins from the of and and to and the only which from a the of J. Biol. Chem. J. Biol. The the of the the and and are of the the of the of of the to to by the when only the of specific of of the and to the of the of a and is a the the and of of a of of a and a an and the by The of the the of The a from CoA by the to the to Larrabee J. Biol. Chem. of the of and The of to the The of and of of the by 40 The acid and of the and CoA and the The by a to the of prosthetic group by of which a and J. of the 4′-phosphopantetheine group of CoA and by and of CoA by to The and to of and by by a J. Biol. Chem. the of from the of to the CoA the of to the of the of prosthetic group and J. J. reported the from prosthetic group is to the and by the the of the and the and J. reported from of CoA and the by by and a of the the of the of and J. of the prosthetic group an and which the of CoA and to The by and to of the and a of by and of the of and of and group a of from the of the is an prosthetic group of the and of by the of only of the of and Larrabee Larrabee J. Biol. Chem. reported the of acyl of fatty acyl from to from the fatty and The and of the the acyl the the are the of to The to a the and fatty the and The fatty and of the and the The and a of to from the of fatty acid synthesis acyl carrier proteins from and the of and J. of the of of the the proteins only by the which a of P. The of and by and the prosthetic group from the of A. and of the of the the serine are of the of carrier proteins J. Biol. Chem. J. J. Biol. Chem. is to the of and A. are to and are of to of of of the the A. and CoA and and The which of which and the and by of the The by by of a and a from the of the serine of the acyl carrier proteins A. The are and The the serine and the the of of the by of the from J. the of an J. Biol. Chem. the is a a of a to the J. Biol. Chem. of the to a of to by of fatty acid synthesis and by the of a of J. Biol. Chem. the J. the the The is a an of and the the of of are of is the the The a of the J. the of a of of from the to a the is to of and to of the the to The of the of the a the only of and The and to of The to to a of to a of a are J. The of of of and of of and from the and the by a a the by the of the to the the of to the of a The of the of the and the the of a of the and a the of of of the acyl carrier J. Biol. Chem. and the of the the the of a from a of and when a of from and the the by from the and of the and of a a the and the the a from the to the The of of and the is a of The of the the of and J. from the of J. The to Larrabee J. Biol. Chem. and to only and the of which a which the by the by when of from and by the and of the of the from an of of the of by of the and of from and the to a a and of a of the and the of the and J. a of and reported to of proteins P. J. Biol. Chem. to the The from the from when and the by the of J. Chem. only of to the to to the of The from the the of and the an the only which from a the of J. Biol. Chem. J. Biol. The the of the the and and are of the the of the of of the to to by the when only the of specific of of the and to the of the The of a and a an and the by The of the the of The a from CoA by the to the to Larrabee J. Biol. Chem. to the of prosthetic group by of which a and J. of the 4′-phosphopantetheine group of CoA and by and of CoA by to The and to of and by by a J. Biol. Chem. the of from the of to the CoA the of to the of the of prosthetic group and J. J. reported the from prosthetic group is to the and by the the of the and the and J. reported from of CoA and the by by and a of the the of the of and J. group a of from the of the is an prosthetic group of the and of by the of only of the of and Larrabee Larrabee J. Biol. Chem. reported the of acyl of fatty acyl from to from the fatty and The and of the the acyl the the are the of to The to a the and fatty the and The of to from the of fatty acid synthesis acyl carrier proteins from and the of and J. of the of of the the proteins only by the which a of P. The of and by and the prosthetic group from the of A. and of the of the the serine are of the of carrier proteins J. Biol. Chem. J. J. Biol. Chem. is to the of and A. are to and are of to 40 years ago Larrabee J. Biol. Chem. the to and the the of The and to The an the The are from the of to to and only and of the of to a of the of prosthetic group is to of of the of the the the prosthetic group to is by J. Biol. Chem. a of by and of the prosthetic reported to by of CoA and of which are of Chem. Biol. and P. Chem. Biol. J. Biol. Chem. is to the of is an J. and J. Biol. Chem. J. Biol. Chem. is by an an the of of of the a and the and from a by of by the of the are is the specific of and the of the by of a an and J. the of is to of the is to the of prosthetic group only are are modified the the the of the A. J. J. and J. Biol. Chem. is the of and of the from of the the of to and the is of is the to and of an of of a the of the to a of of the by the of the of the a is to The is of the The from of the a the a the only an is the of to the A. is when the to A. to an the of CoA the of and CoA is to and is an is The the is only a of is to the of which is of A. is a the to an an acyl the of is to Biol. which an 40 years ago Larrabee J. Biol. Chem. the to and the the of The and to The an the The are from the of to to and only and of the of to a of the of prosthetic group is to of of the of the the the prosthetic group to is by J. Biol. Chem. a of by and of the prosthetic reported to by of CoA and of which are of Chem. Biol. and P. Chem. Biol. J. Biol. Chem. is to the of is an J. and J. Biol. Chem. J. Biol. Chem. is by an an the of of of the a and the and from a by of by the of the are is the specific of and the of the by of a an and J. the of is to of the is to the of prosthetic group only are are modified the the the of the A. J. J. and J. Biol. Chem. is the of and of the from of the the of to and the is of is the to and of an of of a the of the to a of of the by the of the of the a is to The is of the The from of the a the a the only an is the of to the A. is when the to A. to an the of CoA the of and CoA is to and is an is The the is only a of is to the of which is of A. is a the to an an acyl the of is to Biol. which an