Optimal Operation of Mobile Energy Storage Devices to Minimize Energy Loss in a Distribution System

This paper addresses the problem of scheduling the optimal power outputs and moving paths of mobile energy storage devices (MESDs) in a distribution network with the aim of minimizing the total cost for energy loss. The MESDs can be loaded on electric trucks and timely connected to charging stations for plug-in electric vehicles. The moving distances and transit time periods of the MESDs are modeled using a set of linear equations with consideration of road traffic congestion for commuting time periods. The optimization problem can then be effectively solved using a mixed-integer linear programming algorithm. Simulation case studies are performed using a modified IEEE 34-Node Test Feeder. The case study results verify that the proposed scheduling method leads to the effective use of the MESDs to minimize the total cost for the energy loss in the power and traffic networks, compared to the conventional method using stationary batteries.