Deployment of Distributed Generation with D-FACTS in Distribution System: A Comprehensive Analytical Review

In this paper, a comprehensive review of the distribution system (DS) with Distributed Generation (DG) and Distribution Flexible AC Transmission System (D-FACTS) allocation for enhancement of voltage profiles, decrease in line losses with enrichment of feeder loading ability has been presented. The major intention is to give an idea about all the schemes for allocation of DG and D-FACTS proposed by researchers for balanced as well as unbalanced radial and mesh DS. To meet the demand for load growth, to find the best possible operation, to know alternative plans for future expansion with DG and D-FACTS and constant monitoring of steady-state performance, load flow analysis (LFA) is required. Therefore, a brief assessment of the LFA of the DS has been presented. Today, DG needs to be established by DG developers on distribution network operators' (DNO) recommendations due to its various techno-economic and environmental benefits. DG demands reactive power from the system, which results in low-voltage profiles as well as higher line losses. To sustain the voltage outline and to decrease the line loss, D-FACTS devices can be installed to offer reactive power support which in turn saves energy and the environment. This paper provided critical review and evaluation of DG and D-FACTS allocation in DNO-based DS and suggested the scope of future work in the emerging areas of competitive distribution system network operation.