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Nonlinear salinity profiles may exist in an aquifer when salt water and freshwater are brought into contact. They may be maintained indefinitely by a horizontal flow. The effect of such salinity profiles on marginal stability and overstability, as well as on thermal convection, was investigated. Nonlinearity of the salinity profile was found to affect the stability criteria of the field and to change the shape of the convective cells appearing at instability.
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Hillel Rubin (1973) studied this question.
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