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By means of the methods of geometrical optics, approximate formulae are being derived which correlate the statistical properties of the inhomogeneities of the transmitting medium with the fluctuations to be expected in the signal level of radiative energy. Through a further simplification of the formulae obtained, it is possible to predict the dependence of signal fluctuation on range without detailed knowledge of the statistical parameters of the "micro-structure" of the transmitting medium.
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Peter G. Bergmann (1946) studied this question.
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