Key result
CAD is linked to altered aortic valve protein expression and oxidative changes in tissue albumin.
Why the study?
Despite shared calcification mechanisms driven by oxidative stress, differences exist between calcific aortic valve disease and coronary artery disease, prompting evaluation of the effect of coronary artery disease on aortic valves.
Does the presence of coronary artery disease alter the protein expression and redox state of aortic valve tissue in patients with severe calcific aortic valve disease?
Observational (n=20)
No
Does the presence of coronary artery disease alter the protein expression and redox state of aortic valve tissue in patients with severe calcific aortic valve disease?
The presence of coronary artery disease is associated with distinct molecular and redox proteome changes in calcified aortic valves, highlighting shared but divergent mechanisms of calcification.
CAD-associated redox changes in aortic valves should not alter practice; leaves open shared mechanisms for targeted proteomic research.
Calcific aortic valve and coronary artery diseases are related cardiovascular pathologies in which common processes lead to the calcification of the corresponding affected tissue. Among the mechanisms involved in calcification, the oxidative stress that drives the oxidation of sulfur-containing amino acids such ascysteines is of particular interest. However, there are important differences between calcific aortic valve disease and coronary artery disease, particularly in terms of the reactive oxygen substances and enzymes involved. To evaluate what effect coronary artery disease has on aortic valves, we analyzed valve tissue from patients with severe calcific aortic stenosis with and without coronary artery disease. Proteins and peptides with oxidized cysteines sites were quantified, leading to the identification of 16 proteins with different levels of expression between the two conditions studied, as well as differences in the redox state of the tissue. We also identified two specific sites of cysteine oxidation in albumin that have not been described previously. These results provide evidence that coronary artery disease affects valve calcification, modifying the molecular profile of aortic valve tissue. In addition, the redox proteome is also altered when these conditions coincide, notably affecting human serum albumin.
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Sastre-Oliva et al. (2022) conducted an observational in Severe calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) (n=20). Coronary artery disease vs. Absence of coronary artery disease was evaluated on Differentially expressed proteins and oxidized cysteine sites in aortic valve tissue. The presence of coronary artery disease altered the expression of 16 proteins and the redox state of aortic valve tissue, notably identifying two specific sites of cysteine oxidation in human serum albumin.
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