Improving the car environmental qualities by studying the engine load characteristics in the modes of injection rate off

The current studies and developments are aimed at the study of the environmental qualities of a car by taking the speed and load characteristics of the engine. To achieve the study objectives, a diagnostic device is designed based on the standard electronic car engine control unit. The device capabilities allow implementing the technique of full and partial cylinders cutout by effecting on the pulses supplied to the electromagnetic injectors, high-voltage circuits of the ignition system. The device function contains a number of algorithms for testing and correcting the operating modes of engine systems. A technique for taking the speed and load characteristics of the engines has been developed, which makes it possible to exclude expensive load stands significantly reducing labor intensity and money costs. The experimental procedure by means of the developed device allows to achieve high accuracy of setting the load effects, their smoothness, technological try-out of all methods and conditions, and includes the possibility: to set and control the airflow supply into the cylinders; to change the engine characteristics depending on the load conditions; to partially cut-out the cylinders to save fuel at minimum loads; to ensure increasing fuel charge and stabilizing the fuel combustion process; to increase a speed of exhaust gases recirculation; to reduce losses during throttling; to reduce fuel consumption. The study results have showed that the engine may be loaded by cylinder cutout up to a value when the indicator torque is equal to the friction losses torque, namely up to the boundary of the unstable engine operation. The obtained data of speed and load characteristics can be widely used in subsequent studies relating to improving the engine efficiency, reducing exhaust gases toxicity.