Out-of-Band Correction for Multispectral Remote Sensing

A general method for correcting out-of-band (OOB) effects to improve radiometric accuracy in multispectral sensors is proposed using an OOB correction transform (OBCT) developed according to linear systems theory. The correction for a particular channel is based on the intensities measured by all the channels. To recover the narrowband signals, the measured signals (with OOB effects) are partitioned by spectral subranges of in-bands and band-gaps. The OBCT matrix is derived using appropriate approximations for the band-gap integrals. For an <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">N</tex></formula> -channel multispectral sensor, OOB effects are corrected by applying an <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">N × N</tex></formula> OBCT matrix to the measured signals. The OBCT matrix for bands M1–M7 of the VIIRS, which was successfully launched on Oct. 28, 2011, is presented, along with simulation results using hyperspectral data from the Airborne Visible InfraRed Imaging Spectrometer and Hyperspectral Imager for the Coastal Ocean sensors.