Key result
Obese children and adolescents exhibited a smaller nocturnal fall in systolic blood pressure compared with lean controls (16.2 vs 21.1 mmHg; P<0.01).
Why the study?
Do obese children and adolescents have smaller nocturnal falls in systolic blood pressure compared to lean subjects?
Cross-Sectional (n=80)
Do obese children and adolescents have smaller nocturnal falls in systolic blood pressure compared to lean subjects?
Obese children and adolescents exhibit a blunted nocturnal fall in systolic blood pressure compared to lean peers, which may reflect an early sign of increased cardiovascular risk.
May signal early CV risk in obese youth; hypothesis-generating and requires prospective validation before practice change.
OBJECTIVE: We assessed the hypothesis that differences in day and night-time systolic blood pressure (SBP) and heart rate (HR) recordings were smaller in obese versus lean children and adolescents, and whether measurements obtained during a school week or during weekends or holidays influenced these nocturnal falls. We also wanted to determine whether the results were influenced by gender. METHODS: Ambulatory 24-h BP and HR measurements were performed in 80 subjects, 51 girls and 29 boys. Lean (n = 25) and obese (n = 55) subjects were classified according to body mass index (BMI)-standard deviation (SD) criteria. Forty-eight subjects had their 24-h recordings performed during a school week and 32 during leisure time. RESULTS: The SBP nocturnal dipping response was less pronounced in obese subjects (16.2 +/- 6.3 mmHg) compared with lean controls (21.1 +/- 5.7 mmHg) (P < 0.01) of which the girls constituted most of the difference. HR change between day and night was similar in both groups being approximately 15 b/min. A small but statistical negative correlation was observed between BMI-SD and nocturnal fall in SBP (r = -0.3, P = 0.0065). In all subjects, regardless of BMI-SD, daytime SBP was higher when readings were obtained during a school week (123 +/- 7 mmHg) than during weekends or holidays (119 +/- 7 mmHg) (P = 0.029). CONCLUSION: Obese children and adolescents showed smaller nocturnal falls in SBP compared with lean subjects. This pattern may cause increased cardiovascular loading; thus, it may reflect an early sign of high blood pressure development and adds to cardiovascular risk in young obese individuals.
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Framme et al. (2006) conducted a cross-sectional in Obesity (n=80). Obesity vs. Lean was evaluated on Systolic blood pressure nocturnal dipping response (p=< 0.01). Obese children and adolescents exhibited a smaller nocturnal fall in systolic blood pressure compared with lean controls (16.2 vs 21.1 mmHg; P<0.01).
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