Tentative analysis reveals connections between the Higgs field and particle masses using mutual-winding theory.
This paper presents a tentative analysis of the Higgs mechanism in the Standard Model based on the matter–matter mutual-winding theory proposed by the author. Within this theoretical framework, the Higgs field is reinterpreted as the macroscopic basal coupling effect of the mutual-winding network of material entities; particle mass is reinterpreted as a manifestation of the mutual-winding strength between a particle and the basal network; and the Higgs boson is reinterpreted as a quantized collective oscillation mode of the basal network. Taking the electron mass (mₑ = 0.511 MeV/c²) as a benchmark and assuming its linking number to be nₑ = 1, this paper inversely derives the linking number ratios of the three generations of charged leptons as nₑ : n_μ : n_τ ≈ 1 : 207 : 3477, and those of the W boson, Z boson, Higgs boson, and top quark as nW : nZ : nₕ : nₜ ≈ 8 : 9 : 12 : 17. This paper emphasizes that the above analysis constitutes tentative exploration based on the theoretical framework, and that the linking number assignments await independent experimental verification. (Note on AI-Assisted Computation Certain mathematical derivations and physical calculations in this paper were performed by an AI tool (large language model) based on the theoretical framework and postulate system provided by the author. Specifically, the AI tool contributed to: formula derivation, equation solving, integral evaluation, series summation, and recalculation verification of established quantum mechanical results. All physical insights, core assumptions, logical premises, and the theoretical framework itself were independently developed by the author. The AI tool served solely as an auxiliary instrument for mathematical derivation and computational verification, comparable in role to symbolic computation software or numerical tools routinely employed by researchers. The author has reviewed every derived result for physical plausibility, consistency with known experimental data, and logical coherence, and assumes full responsibility for all conclusions. This statement is provided in the interest of academic transparency, while clearly distinguishing between the originality of ideas and the auxiliary role of computation.)
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Yanlei Liu (2026) studied this question.
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