Evaluation of a Point-of-Care Multiplex PCR Analyser for Detection of Babesia gibsoni in the Canine Population of Hong Kong

Canine babesiosis caused by Babesia gibsoni is prevalent in Hong Kong. While molecular diagnosis via PCR is highly sensitive, it typically requires reference laboratory access, delaying clinical decisions. This study evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of a point-of-care multiplex PCR compared to a reference laboratory PCR for detection of B. gibsoni in dogs. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 47 canine EDTA blood samples collected between May 2024 and June 2025. Samples were tested for B. gibsoni using a point-of-care multiplex PCR analyser (POCMA) and a reference-standard real-time PCR. Clinicopathological data were evaluated when available. Diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, and agreement between tests were calculated. The reference-standard assay detected 23 positives (49%) and 24 negatives (51%) whereas the POCMA detected 20 positives (43%) and 27 negatives (57%). The point-of-care assay demonstrated a sensitivity of 82.6% (95% CI: 62.9–93.0%) and specificity of 95.8% (95% CI: 79.8–99.3%) for B. gibsoni detection. All samples were negative for B. canis by the POCMA. The point-of-care multiplex PCR analyser (AIMDX1800) offers rapid, specific detection of B. gibsoni with excellent specificity but moderate sensitivity. Positive results in clinically compatible cases can guide prompt treatment, while negative results in symptomatic dogs in endemic areas warrant confirmation by reference laboratory PCR. The absence of B. canis detection by the POCMA is consistent with previous literature supporting its rarity in Hong Kong.