Exploring astrocyte structure and function in live human brain tissue

Astrocytes are essential regulators of neural function, yet their roles in brain ageing remain poorly understood. In this study, we present an optimized protocol for examining astrocyte structure and physiology in live human brain slices obtained from neurosurgical resections. This ex vivo approach preserves key human-specific cellular features and enables detailed analysis of astrocytic membrane properties, calcium dynamics, and structural morphology using electrophysiology and advanced imaging techniques. We outline key methodological considerations for tissue handling, slicing, and experimental recordings, addressing challenges posed by ageing tissue, including reduced viability and donor variability. Our approach also incorporates organotypic slice cultures, allowing for extended experimental timelines and potential within-sample pharmacological testing. By leveraging human tissue, this work provides a valuable framework for investigating astrocyte contributions to age-related cognitive decline and neurodegeneration. The findings underscore the translational potential of live human brain slices in bridging basic research and clinical understanding of ageing in the central nervous system.