Spatiotemporal genomic patterns of Quercus gilva: decoupling historical isolation from contemporary environmental adaptation

is shaped by both geographic isolation and environmental gradients, with annual precipitation emerging as the primary climatic driver. This study provides a genome-wide perspective on how historical biogeography and environmental selection interact to shape the genetic architecture of a dominant subtropical evergreen forest species, offering novel insights into the evolutionary dynamics and adaptive evolution across East Asian biodiversity hotspots.