A Multilevel Path Analysis of Risk Perception and Risky Sexual Behavior Under the Framework of the Health Belief Model

The Health Belief Model is a path analytical framework that identifies risk perception among other variables as very crucial to safer sexual behaviors. Yet, very few studies have examined what influences risk perception itself and the simultaneity of the relationship between risk perception and sexual behaviors. Using data from the Cape Area Panel Survey and applying multilevel path models, this study examined what influences risk perception and sexual behaviors, focusing on the complexities of the relationship between the two variables. The study also examined the effects of poverty at the community level on risk perception and sexual behaviors. Results indicate a negative relationship between risk perception and sexual risk-taking. At the community level, poverty impacts sexual risk-taking positively but risk perception negatively.