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For photovoltaic applications, the interleaved flyback module-integrated converters (MICs) (IFMICs) operating in continuous conduction mode (CCM) show the advantages of high power density, low voltage and current stresses, and low electromagnetic interference but demonstrate a difficult control problem compared to the discontinuous conduction mode. This paper concentrates on the control issues and presents detailed modeling, in-depth dynamic analysis, and a two-step controller design approach for IFMIC systems operating in CCM. The proposed modeling approach is based on the fourth-order system considering the dynamics of the output CL filter. This realistic fourth-order system modeling shows the presence of a resonant peak at a certain frequency, which can cause phase loss and constraints of system bandwidth. A decoupled two-step controller design approach is thus proposed to simplify the modeling and control synthesis in the IFMIC development. The decoupled controller consists of a proportional-integral controller (based on the simplified model), followed by a lag term for mitigating the effect of the resonant peak. A 200-W digitally controlled MIC prototype is constructed for evaluation purposes. The simulation and experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed modeling and control approaches.
Fonkwe et al. (Tue,) studied this question.