The traditional cyanobacterial genus Anabaena is heterogeneous, as follows from the modern molecular evaluation. The cluster of planktic Anabaena-morphotypes with gas vesicles in cells must be separated as a unique generic entity from the typical benthic mat-forming species. In the present articles all planktic morphospecies are transferred into the new genus Dolichospermum in agreement with Botanical nomenclatoric rules. The name "Dolichospermum" is based on a taxonomic category of section in starting point publication (Bornet & Flahault 1888), which is valid for heterocytous cynobacteria.
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Wacklin et al. (2009) studied this question.
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