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In urban transportation settings, public transport signs act as common visual cues. Considering that color plays a critical role in sign detection and identification, it is necessary for researchers to gain a comprehensive understanding of color perception of signs. Existing research often depends on questionnaires and behavioral observation, lacking concrete evidence on cognitive processes. We employed Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) to determine the effect of diverse color public transport signs on passengers' attentional processing and emotional arousal, focusing on neural activity from varying brightness conditions. Findings indicated significant differences in P2 amplitude, showing perceptual responses to Sign colors in initial visual processing stages. Differences in LPP amplitude significantly influenced fine-grained processing in later stages of color perception. These ERPs differences provide valuable insight into subjects' attentional processing and emotional arousal. The presence of ERPs amplitudes in corresponding brain regions evidences the neural activity behind these responses. These insights reveal the actual effects of color brightness and help guide public transport providers to improve signage in promoting better passenger travel habits, and offer a solid measurement basis and reference for designing and displaying sign colors in practical applications. • Quantify the correlation between transport Sign brightness attributes and passengers color perception through objective data. • Higher brightness public transport signs are more likely to attract visual attention and evoke an emotional response. • ERPs components can reflect color perception processes of sign brightness. • The ERPs method leads to the development of color perception measurement and public transport Sign design evaluation.
Chen et al. (Sat,) studied this question.