Cortical vasodynamics exhibit multiscale propagation structure in the awake mouse

Spontaneous vascular dynamics contribute fundamentally to functional MRI signals, but their intrinsic propagation structure remains unresolved at the systems level. Here, we combine 14 T cerebral blood volume (CBV)-weighted fMRI with space-frequency singular value decomposition to map vasodynamic propagation across the awake mouse cortex. High-resolution CBV-fMRI identified vessel-aligned, frequency-specific oscillatory modes, and ultra-fast CBV-fMRI enabled three-dimensional mapping of phase gradients across tangential and radial cortical axes. Vasodynamic propagation exhibited multiscale organization: tangential gradients matched previously reported vasomotion traveling waves, whereas radial gradients revealed slower laminar timing structure consistent with depth-dependent vascular regulation. At the group level, trial-wise propagation maps decomposed into reproducible partition-like modes, demonstrating that vasodynamics are spatially structured across cortex rather than homogeneously distributed. Together, these results establish a noninvasive framework for resolving multiscale vasodynamic propagation in the awake brain and provide a foundation for probing cerebrovascular organization and dysfunction with vascularly specific fMRI.