Trachyspermum ammi: A Review on its Multidimensional Uses in Indian Folklore Medicines

Trachyspermum ammi commonly known as 'Ajwain' in India is distributed throughout India and is mostly cultivated in Gujarat and Rajasthan.The fruit possesses stimulant, antispasmodic and carminative properties and is used traditionally as an important remedial agent for flatulence, atonic dyspepsia, diarrhea, abdominal tumors, abdominal pains, piles, bronchial problems, lack of appetite, galactogogue, asthma and amenorrhea.Medicinally, it has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities like antifungal, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antinociceptive, cytotoxic, hypolipidemic, antihypertensive, antispasmodic, broncho-dilating actions, antilithiasis, diuretic, abortifacient, antitussive, nematicidal, anthelmintic and antifilarial.Further, studies reveal the presence of various phytochemical constituents mainly carbohydrates, glycosides, saponins, phenolic compounds, volatile oil (thymol, (-terpinene, para-cymene and " and $-pinene), protein, fat, fiber and mineral matter containing calcium, phosphorous, iron and nicotinic acid.These studies reveal that T. ammi is a source of medicinally active compounds and have various pharmacological effects; hence, it is encouraging to find its new therapeutic uses.