Fast Grid Frequency and Voltage Control of Battery Energy Storage System Based on the Amplitude-Phase-Locked-Loop

This paper presents a novel fast frequency and voltage regulation method for battery energy storage system (BESS) based on the amplitude-phase-locked-loop (APLL). In the proposed method, the primary frequency regulation and inertia emulating control are designed based on grid frequency deviation ( <tex-math notation="LaTeX">Δ f </tex-math> ) and its differential <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$(df/dt)$ </tex-math> signals detected by APLL, avoiding complicated and sensitive differential operation to get better dynamic support performance. Moreover, unlike the traditional voltage control only using grid voltage deviation ( <tex-math notation="LaTeX">Δ V </tex-math> ), the proposed method also uses the voltage differential control ( <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$dV/dt$ </tex-math> -control) to improve dynamic performance of traditional voltage control and behaviors of grid voltage based on the <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$dV/dt$ </tex-math> signal from APLL. Finally, simulations and experiments are implemented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed APLL-based BESS on improving the dynamic behaviors of grid frequency and voltage.