Entanglement of Indistinguishable Particles Shared between Two Parties

Using an operational definition we quantify the entanglement, EP, between two parties who share an arbitrary pure state of N indistinguishable particles. We show that EP≤EM, where EM is the bipartite entanglement calculated from the mode-occupation representation. Unlike EM, EP is superadditive. For example, EP=0 for any single-particle state, but the state $|1⟩|1⟩$, where both modes are split between the two parties, has EP=1/2. We discuss how this relates to quantum correlations between particles, for both fermions and bosons.