Key result
Orbital exenteration achieves local control in an infant with rhabdomyosarcoma progressing despite VAC chemotherapy.
Why the study?
Rhabdomyosarcoma has a variable clinical presentation that often complicates timely diagnosis, whereas early recognition and appropriate multimodal treatment are essential to improve outcomes.
Case Report (n=1)
No
This case highlights the aggressive nature of orbital embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma in infants and the necessity of multidisciplinary care, sometimes requiring radical surgery like exenteration when conservative measures fail.
May require exenteration for local control in chemotherapy-refractory infant orbital RMS; leaves open optimization of multimodal strategies in this rare population.
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is an uncommon and aggressive malignancy originating from mesenchymal tissue, frequently affecting children. Its clinical presentation can vary significantly depending on the tumor's location and histological subtype, often complicating timely diagnosis. Early recognition and the initiation of appropriate multimodal treatment are essential to improving outcomes. This report describes a case of embryonal RMS (ERMS) in a young infant with a rapidly enlarging orbital mass and provides an overview of relevant diagnostic considerations and treatment strategies. The case highlights the value of early detection and coordinated, multidisciplinary care in achieving the best possible prognosis.
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Krieger et al. (2025) conducted a case report in Orbital embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (n=1). Multimodal therapy including VAC chemotherapy and orbital exenteration was evaluated on Clinical outcome. In a 7-month-old infant with rapidly progressive orbital embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, aggressive tumor growth despite initial VAC chemotherapy necessitated orbital exenteration to achieve local disease control.
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