Explores the question “How can we gain a deeper understanding of the contribution of P and Q?”, together with a version in which the following proviso is added “…while maintaining the simplicity and power of action learning as originally conceived by Professor Revans”. It is concluded that programmed knowledge P has little or no place in action learning when we accept that the programme goal is confined to personal development. Further, by emphasizing problem solving and embracing P another significant complicating issue is introduced related to “learning” versus “adaption”. Identifies the expression L = P + Q itself as a confusing expression, and proposes other simple functions emphasizing the need for vigilant Q on introduction of P. Also explores the contribution of P and Q when action learning is simply the means to becoming better action oriented under conditions of turbulence and ambiguity.
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Peter A.C. Smith (1997) studied this question.
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