Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
This article reports on a 1987 study of 900 statewide fellowship applicants to the New York Foundation for the Arts to document artists’ situations for health care coverage, pension and retirement plans, legal and financial services, and other work-related needs. Artist in fourteen different arts disciplines participated in three separate rounds of surveys, with response rates of 70, 59 and 58 percent. The pilot study for the Research Center’s subsequent Information on Artists study, revealed that in 1986:
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
Jeffri et al. (1987) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched one related paper. Consider it for comparative context: