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Flat-foldable origami tessellations are a rich source of inspiration in the design of transformable structures and mechanical metamaterials. Among all such tessellations, the developable double corrugation (DDC) surface, popularly known as the Miura-ori, is perhaps the most ubiquitous origami pattern in science, engineering, and architectural design. Origami artists, designers, and researchers in various fields of science and engineering have proposed a range of symmetric variations for this pattern. While designing many such derivatives is straightforward, some of them present considerable geometric or crystallographic challenges. In general, the problem of finding flat-foldable derivatives for a given origami tessellation is more challenging for less symmetric descendants. This paper studies the existence and design of the least symmetric derivative of the Miura fold pattern with minimal unit cell enlargement in the longitudinal direction. The course of this study raises a fundamental problem in the flat-foldability of quadrilateral-shaped flat sheets on fold lines through their vertices. An analytical solution to this general problem is presented along with solutions for the special cases of convex quadrilaterals.
Pooya Sareh (Tue,) studied this question.