The bonding between clay minerals and water was studied experimentally by means of nuclear magnetic resonance. Water and deuterium oxide were adsorbed on kaolinite, grundite, and montmorillonite, and the spin-spin relaxation and the spin-lattice relaxation times were determined. The results were used to analyze several aspects of adsorbed water behavior such as exchange with D/sub 2/O, effect of heating, and effect of adsorbed ions. At temperatures below 0 deg C the evidence indicates that the water close to the clay has structure different from that of ice. The measured relaxation times were compared with the viscosity of adsorbed water obtained from permeability tests and with the amounts of unfrozen water determined by calorimetric measurements. (auth)
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Tongtong Wu (1964) studied this question.
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