Key result
The proportion of ideal cardiovascular health among Chinese urban children decreased from 27.7% in 2004 to 4.2% in 2014, and subsequently increased to 16.2% in 2019.
Why the study?
Little was known about pre-pandemic cardiovascular health status and its temporal variation in Chinese children.
Cross-Sectional (n=32,586)
No
Absolute Event Rate: 16.2% vs 27.7%
p-value: p=<0.001
Cardiovascular health in Chinese urban children deteriorated significantly from 2004 to 2014, with only partial recovery by 2019, highlighting the need for targeted health promotion strategies.
Persistent low ideal CVH in Chinese urban children warrants monitoring; leaves open causal factors for prospective studies.
Objective: Little is known about pre-pandemic cardiovascular health (CVH) status and its temporal variation in Chinese children. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the secular trends and associated factors of CVH in Chinese urban children from 2004 to 2019. Methods: We identified 32,586 individuals in Beijing, aged 6 to 18 years, from three independent cross-sectional studies conducted in 2004, 2014, and 2019, respectively. CVH was assessed by 7 metrics according to modified American Heart Association criteria, including smoking, physical activity, diet, body mass index, total cholesterol, blood pressure, and fasting glucose. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the associations between sociodemographic characteristics and the ideal CVH status. Results: The proportion of ideal CVH decreased from 27.7% (boys 26.6%, girls 28.9%) in 2004 to 4.2% (boys 3.8%, girls 4.8%) in 2014, and then increased to 16.2% (boys 13.5%, girls 18.9%) in 2019. Overall, ideal smoking was the most prevalent CVH component during 2004-2019 (2004, 97.5%; 2014, 92.9%; 2019, 98.0%), while ideal physical activity (2004, 27.6%; 2014, 14.4%; 2019, 28.0%) and dietary intake (2004, 26.0%; 2014, 10.7%; 2019, 23.5%) were the least prevalent components. Notably, the proportion of ideal body mass index (2004, 77.5%; 2019, 59.7%) and blood pressure (2004, 73.6%; 2019, 67.3%) continuously decreased from 2004 to 2019. Girls, parental normal weight status, free of family CVD history, and lower levels in fat mass were associated with higher odds of ideal CVH. Conclusion: The cardiovascular health in Chinese urban children deteriorated during 2004-2019. Distinct strategies are required to mitigate socioeconomic inequity in the intervention of CVH promotion.
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Xiao et al. (2022) conducted a cross-sectional in Cardiovascular Health (n=32,586). Time period (2004-2019) vs. 2004 baseline was evaluated on Proportion of ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) (p=<0.001). The proportion of ideal cardiovascular health among Chinese urban children decreased from 27.7% in 2004 to 4.2% in 2014, and subsequently increased to 16.2% in 2019.
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