Key points are not available for this paper at this time.
List of figures and tables Acknowledgments Introduction 1. The class cleavage: conceptual and methodological framework 2. The European Left: size, ideological orientation and organizational cohesion 3. Industrialization, urbanization and Labor's response 4. Cultural heterogeneity 5. Enfranchisement 6. Organizational structuring and membership mobilization 7. Political integration 8. Cleavage structures 9. The communist split: united and divided Lefts 10. The macroconstellation of class cleavage structuring Data appendix References Index.
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