Pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s Disease: Focus on H3 Receptor Modulators and Their Implications

Current treatment options for Alzheimer’s disease target neurotransmitters following the disease onset, and they offer limited efficacy without slowing down the disease progression. There has been an increasing concern in recent years targeting the histamine H3 receptor (H3R) in treating cognitive disorders, including dementia. Preclinical studies have shown that antagonists of H3R or inverse agonists enhance the cognitive function in animal models with dementia by increasing the release of neurotransmitters associated with learning and memory. This review employed a systematic literature search across databases including PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and ClinicalTrials.gov, selecting peer-reviewed studies. The results of this study illustrate the complex landscape of research on H3R modulators in dementia, highlighting both promising findings and ongoing challenges in translating preclinical discoveries into effective clinical interventions. Knowing the role of H3R in dementia and developing novel pharmacological interventions targeting these receptors represent a promising avenue for future research, leading to the development of new treatments for this devastating condition.