Biomimetic nanozymes enabling spatiotemporally ordered and dose-defined ros regulation for electroactive antibacterial platform

Precise regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) remains a key challenge for electroactive antibacterial systems, where uncontrolled ROS may compromise both efficacy and safety. Here, we report a biomimetic nanozyme platform constructed by in situ growth of polyaniline (PANI) on stainless steel mesh, enabling electrochemically programmable antibacterial activity. The PANI-modified interface exhibits tunable catalytic behavior under external electrical inputs, allowing spatiotemporal control over ROS generation and scavenging, as well as quantitative regulation of ROS dosage. This ordered and dose-defined ROS modulation enables rapid bacterial inactivation followed by controlled attenuation of excess ROS. Mechanistic studies reveal that interfacial electronic coupling and hydrogen-bond network reconstruction govern ROS dynamics and catalytic pathways. This work establishes an electroactive antibacterial composite platform based on programmable nanozyme interfaces, providing a general strategy for controlled ROS-related processes with potential relevance to infection control and beyond.