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June 6, 2026Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology

Adult Misuse of ADHD Stimulant Medication in the United States

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Authors

MMMargaret MaglioneJBJaskanwar BatraBPBradley S. Peterson

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Overview

Randomized trial assesses ADHD stimulant medication misuse patterns among adults, indicating ongoing public health concerns.

Key Points

  • To assess the prevalence, patterns, and consequences of ADHD stimulant medication misuse in adults in the United States.
  • Systematic search of PubMed and PsycINFO for US-based studies (2004-2024)
  • Inclusion of cross-sectional and longitudinal studies on stimulant misuse
  • Risk of bias assessed using JBI checklist for prevalence studies and QUIPS tool for longitudinal designs.
  • Sixty-four studies were included with estimates of past-year misuse ranging from 1.4% to 3.7% among young adults and 1.9% among all adults in 2023.
  • Misuse is most common among younger, White, metropolitan-dwelling individuals and college students.
  • Consequences include psychiatric admissions and emergency department visits, with high-frequency users showing elevated rates of polysubstance use.

Cite This Study

Maglione et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a23ba1771a5da9775e75e16https://doi.org/10.1097/jcp.0000000000002202
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