Rocaglamides from Aglaia odorata and nemoralisin-type diterpenoids from Aglaia lawii

Two new rocaglamides, rocaglaones A and B (1–2), along with the known compound rocaglaol (3), were isolated from the whole plant of Aglaia odorata. Furthermore, a new nemoralisin-type diterpenoid, nemoralisin P (4), and five known analogues (5–9) were obtained from the bark of A. lawii. Their structures were elucidated using spectroscopic methods (mainly 1D and 2D NMR). All the compounds were evaluated for their α-glucosidase inhibitory activity and nemoralisin P (4) exhibited the strongest activity among the tested compounds (IC50 = 373.81 ± 15.48 µM), which was comparable to that of the positive control, acarbose (IC50 = 416.92 ± 10.93 µM). Cytotoxicity testing of selected compounds against HepG2 cells revealed no detectable activity.