Key result
Contact respiratory rate sensors enable long-term monitoring but require careful selection to limit artifacts.
Why the study?
With telemedicine monitoring expanding, measuring respiratory rate is relevant for early detection, prevention of chronic non-infectious disease complications, and patient monitoring, prompting an updated review of contact-based measurement methods.
Technological developments in contact sensors and AI offer promising opportunities for long-term, accurate monitoring of respiratory rate in clinical practice.
Optimal sensor selection may improve long-term respiratory monitoring; leaves open prospective validation before routine clinical adoption.
Introduction. Respiratory rate is known to be one of the most important indicators reflecting the vital functions of a person. An increase in respiratory rate can be found in many diseases and pathological conditions, for example, in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pneumonia, bronchial asthma, myocardial infarction, heart failure, anaemia, etc. Due to the active introduction of telemedicine monitoring into clinical practice, the measurement of the abovementioned indicator is particularly relevant for the purpose of early detection and prevention of complications of chronic non-infectious diseases, as well as dynamic monitoring of the condition of patients in both inpatient and outpatient settings. Aim. To search and update information about existing and promising developments for the control of respiratory rate based on different physical principles. Materials and methods. For this review we used databases PubMed, Scopus, MedLine and eLIBRARY. The following keywords were used for the search: “respiratory rate”, “contact”, “measurement”, “sensor”. Results. Contact methods for measuring respiratory rate include a wide range of sensors based on various physical principles. All types of sensors have their own application, but also they have some drawbacks. In order to achieve maximum accuracy of respiratory rate monitoring, it is necessary to carefully assess the conditions in which the patient is located, selecting the most appropriate technological solutions for them. Probably, complex systems, including several different sensors, are able to overcome many shortcomings. In addition, the development of information analysis methods, machine learning and artificial intelligence technologies can increase the sensitivity and accuracy of methods of measuring respiratory rate, reducing the frequency of bias associated with various artefacts. Conclusion. Thus, technological development opens up wide opportunities for long-term monitoring of vital functions, prevention and timely response to adverse events.
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Гаранин et al. (2023) conducted a review in Respiratory rate monitoring. Contact sensors for respiratory rate measurement was evaluated. Contact methods for measuring respiratory rate offer diverse opportunities for long-term monitoring of vital functions, though optimal sensor selection is required to minimize motion and environmental artifacts.
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