Non-oil-seed pulses attenuated postprandial glucose (in 28 of 40 studies) and insulin responses (in 16 of 24 studies) compared to other starchy foods like wheat-flour products or white rice.
Systematic Review
Do non-oil-seed pulses improve postprandial metabolic events and satiety compared to other starchy foods in humans?
Non-oil-seed pulses attenuate postprandial glycemia and insulinemia compared to other starchy foods, supporting their classification as low-glycemic foods.
BACKGROUND: Non-oil-seed pulses offer a plant-based source of dietary protein and further nutritionally valuable nutrients such as essential micronutrients and dietary fiber, making them a key component of sustainable diets emphasizing plant protein. They are also a relevant dietary source of carbohydrates with a low glycemic index. OBJECTIVE: This systematic review aimed to evaluate the acute effects of a variety of non-oil-seed pulses on various parameters of cardiometabolic health, hunger, and satiety. METHODS: In this systematic review, a literature search in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Scopus databases was conducted, and 40 human intervention studies were identified that investigated the effects of non-oil-seed pulses on postprandial metabolic events. RESULTS: Most of the articles in this review reported that non-oil-seed pulses cause lower glucose (28 of 40 studies) and insulin (16 of 24 studies) responses than other starchy foods in the control groups (mainly wheat-flour-based products or white rice). These results were reported for a variety of non-oil-seed pulses and pulse products. Additionally, 3 of 5 studies found a significantly reduced feeling of hunger following meals enriched with pulses compared with the control meal, while the remaining 2 studies found a nonsignificant reduction. Although the studies examining satiety and fullness found increased satiation following pulse-enriched meals, only 1 of 6 studies found a significantly greater increase in satiety compared with the control, and 3 of 6 studies found a significantly greater increase in fullness. Other study variables, such as parameters of lipid metabolism and vascular function, have only been investigated in a few studies, and those studies mostly reported no significant effects. CONCLUSION: This systematic review confirmed that non-oil-seed pulses can attenuate postprandial glycemia and lipemia and can therefore be classified as low-glycemic food. Future human intervention studies should focus on the acute and chronic effects of non-oil-seed pulses on further health-related parameters, such as inflammatory markers and vascular function. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO registration No. CRD42023471539.
Schiemann et al. (Thu,) conducted a systematic review in Cardiometabolic health, hunger, and satiety. Non-oil-seed pulses vs. Other starchy foods (mainly wheat-flour-based products or white rice) was evaluated on Postprandial glucose and insulin responses. Non-oil-seed pulses attenuated postprandial glucose (in 28 of 40 studies) and insulin responses (in 16 of 24 studies) compared to other starchy foods like wheat-flour products or white rice.
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