Key result
Advanced age linked to ~115-fold greater odds of high heart age in Spanish workers.
Why the study?
Cardiovascular risk assessment has traditionally relied on risk scales, while novel indicators like vascular age and heart age offer a more objective evaluation, prompting investigation into their relationship with sociodemographic factors and lifestyle behaviors.
Are sociodemographic factors and lifestyle behaviors associated with vascular age and heart age in Spanish workers?
Observational
Are sociodemographic factors and lifestyle behaviors associated with vascular age and heart age in Spanish workers?
Advanced age, male sex, low socioeconomic status, and unhealthy lifestyle habits are strongly associated with elevated vascular and heart age in Spanish workers.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Dominant age effect on heart and vascular age may refine occupational CV screening; leaves open longitudinal confirmation and intervention trials.
Introduction: The assessment of cardiovascular risk has traditionally relied on validated scales designed to estimate the likelihood of experiencing a cardiovascular event within a specific timeframe. In recent years, novel methodologies have emerged, offering a more objective evaluation of this risk through indicators such as vascular age (VA) and heart age (HA). Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between sociodemographic factors, lifestyle behaviors, and their impact on VA and HA. Materials and Methods: A dual study design, encompassing both cross-sectional and longitudinal retrospective approaches, was conducted among a cohort of employees. The variables assessed included sociodemographic characteristics (age, sex, and socioeconomic status) and health-related habits (smoking, physical activity, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and alcohol consumption). Results: The findings revealed that all analyzed variables were significantly associated with elevated VA and HA values. Among these, age demonstrated the strongest association, with odds ratios (OR) of 114.91 (95% CI: 100.45–131.43) for high HA and 34.48 (95% CI: 31.41–37.56) for high VA. Conclusions: The profile of individuals most at risk for elevated VA and HA encompasses males of advanced age, characterized by low socioeconomic status, a sedentary lifestyle, poor adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and regular alcohol consumption.
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Muñoz et al. (2025) conducted an observational in Cardiovascular risk. Age was evaluated on High heart age (OR 114.91, 95% CI 100.45-131.43). Advanced age was strongly associated with high heart age (OR 114.91; 95% CI 100.45-131.43) and high vascular age (OR 34.48; 95% CI 31.41-37.56) in Spanish workers.
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