Demonstrates solutions to integral equations using orthogonal metric spaces, suggesting new mathematical insights.
In this paper, we present the concept of an orthogonal double controlled orthogonal m-metric space by employing two control maps α and ξ on right-hand side of the triangular inequality of m-metric space. We also present an example to illustrate our results. Using the resulting conclusions, analytical solutions to integral equations have been discovered. A numerical solution is used to validate the analytical solutions.
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Gnanaprakasam et al. (2026) studied this question.
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