Ultrasonographic assessment of masseter muscle thickness and its association with TMD risk, neck disability, and mouth opening: a cross-sectional study

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Key Points

To examine the relationships between masseter muscle thickness and temporomandibular disorder risk, neck disability, and maximum mouth opening.
Thirty adults were evaluated using B-mode ultrasonography to measure masseter muscle thickness.
Risk of TMD was assessed with the Fonseca Anamnestic Index; neck disability with the Neck Disability Index; and functional mobility with cervical range of motion measurements.
Spearman correlation analyses were performed to identify associations.
Masseter muscle thickness showed a strong positive correlation with maximum mouth opening (r=0.91, p<0.001).
Significant relationships between MMT and TMD risk were noted, indicating possible implications for assessment.
Neck disability scores were correlated with changes in muscle thickness, highlighting a link with functional mobility.

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Cross-sectional study examines muscle thickness and its correlations with TMD risk, neck disability, and mouth opening.

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Erkut et al. (2026) studied this question.

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