2297-P: Diabetes and 30-Day Mortality in Hospital-Acquired Bloodstream Infections: A Retrospective Study

Introduction and Objective: Bloodstream infection (BSI) poses a significant health threat due to its high mortality rates and the substantial strain it places on healthcare systems. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is known to impair immune function and increase susceptibility to BSI. This study evaluates the clinical and epidemiological characteristics, comorbidities, and 30-day mortality rates in patients with hospital-acquired bloodstream infections (HA-BSI), focusing on patients with and without DM, as well as the impact of bacteremia type. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on data from 14,788 patients with HA-BSI at Clalit Health Services hospitals between 2014 and 2023. The study examined the associations between DM, bacteremia type, and clinical outcomes, including comorbidities and 30-day mortality rates. Results: Among the study population, 3,822 patients (25.8%) died within 30 days of hospitalization. Multivariable analysis indicated that the combination of diabetes and gram-positive bacteremia significantly increased mortality risk (HR = 1.327), although diabetes alone was not an independent risk factor. Key predictors of mortality included age, functional impairment, and comorbidities such as malignancy and chronic kidney disease. Conclusion: This study highlights the intricate relationship between DM, bacteremia type, and patient outcomes. Gram-positive bacteremia considerably elevates mortality risk, particularly among patients with DM. Effective management of HA-BSI in patients with DM should consider chronic comorbidities and infection characteristics. Further research is necessary to develop targeted interventions for this at-risk population. Disclosure S. Kassem: None. A. Zaina: None.