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June 7, 2026Diabetes

2253-P: Asian Ancestry and Higher Predicted 10-Year Type 2 Diabetes Risk: Greater Insulin Resistance and Lower β-Cell Function

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Key result

Asian ancestry linked to ~55% higher 10-year predicted T2DM risk versus European ancestry.

  • P<0.001
  • n=448

Why the study?

It was uncertain whether individuals of Asian ancestry have lower β-cell function at a given degree of insulin resistance than those of European ancestry.

Does Asian ancestry compared to European ancestry associate with higher predicted 10-year T2DM risk, greater insulin resistance, and lower β-cell function in individuals without diabetes?

Population

448 individuals without diabetes (125 ASN and 323 EUR)

Comparison

Asian ancestry vs European ancestry

Design

Cross-sectional study

Authors

AAAlawab AldulimyStanford UniversityFAFahim AbbasiStanford MedicineJKJOSH KNOWLES

Discussion

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Implication

May prompt ancestry-informed risk discussions in primary care; leaves open whether targeted interventions improve outcomes in Asian populations.

Key Points

  • This study aims to compare type 2 diabetes risk, insulin resistance, and β-cell function between individuals of Asian and European ancestry.
  • Analyzed 448 individuals without diabetes (125 ASN and 323 EUR) to assess diabetes risk.
  • Calculated 10-year diabetes risk using the QDiabetes-2018 algorithm and directly measured SSPG and C-peptide levels.
  • Stratified participants by insulin resistance based on median SSPG concentration.
  • 10-year QDiabetes risk was higher in ASN participants (13.2% vs. 8.5%; P < 0.001).
  • SSPG concentration was higher in ASN participants (169 vs. 137 mg/dL; P < 0.01).
  • In the insulin resistant group, fasting C-peptide was lower in ASN (1.99 vs. 2.29 ng/mL; P = 0.02).

Study Design

Type

Cross-Sectional (n=448)

Structured PICO

Does Asian ancestry compared to European ancestry associate with higher predicted 10-year T2DM risk, greater insulin resistance, and lower β-cell function in individuals without diabetes?

P
Population
448 individuals without diabetes (125 Asian and 323 European ancestry), mean age 50 years, assessed for 10-year type 2 diabetes risk, insulin resistance, and β-cell function.
E
Exposure
Asian ancestry
C
Comparator
European ancestry
O
Outcome
10-year estimated risk of T2DM using the QDiabetes-2018 risk prediction algorithm, insulin resistance (steady-state plasma glucose concentration), and β-cell function (fasting C-peptide concentration)surrogate

Main Result

Absolute Event Rate: 13.2% vs 8.5%

p-value: p=<0.001

Individuals of Asian ancestry without diabetes have a higher predicted 10-year risk of T2DM, driven by greater insulin resistance and lower β-cell function compared to those of European ancestry.

Cite This Study

Aldulimy et al. (2026) conducted a cross-sectional in Type 2 diabetes risk (n=448). Asian ancestry vs. European ancestry was evaluated on 10-year estimated risk of T2DM using QDiabetes-2018 (p=<0.001). Asian ancestry was associated with a higher 10-year predicted risk of type 2 diabetes (13.2% vs. 8.5%; P<0.001) and greater insulin resistance compared to European ancestry.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a250bca7def13d035e1bc8fhttps://doi.org/10.2337/db26-2253-p
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 12406-P: A Pilot Study on the Genomic and Proteomic Drivers of Insulin Secretion in Asian and European Populations2026
  2. 22468-P: Insulin Resistance and β-Cell Function in South vs. East Asians and Caucasians2026
  3. 344-PUB: Evaluation and Care of Double Diabetes in Asian American Patients2026
  4. 4148-OR: Increased Insulin Secretion and Decreased Insulin Sensitivity in South Asian Youth without Diabetes2024
  5. 5Partitioned polygenic scores highlight role of beta-cell function and unfavourable fat distribution patterns in young onset type 2 diabetes in south Asians2024 · 2 citations