Conceptual paper proposes visual notations for addition, subtraction, and division, suggesting enhanced mathematical consistency.
Traditionally, multiplication has been what the exponent is about. However, by fitting the notation into other corners, the paper is proposing the inclusion of addition, subtraction, and division, into being visual notations in the same manner as the exponent is for multiplication. Through these "ponents", while not particularly necessary in most cases, would make mathematics more consistent in terms of formal equality between the four basic arithmetics.
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Aku L. T. Jutila (2026) studied this question.
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