Key result
U.S. youth T2DM burden varies by state, with DC seeing ~2% annual declines in DALYs.
Why the study?
State- and sex-specific trends in type 2 diabetes mellitus burden among US adolescents and young adults remained uncharacterized despite existing data.
Observational
Yes
From 1990 to 2023, the burden of type 2 diabetes among U.S. adolescents and young adults showed significant state-level variations, with notable increases in several states, particularly among males.
State disparities in youth T2DM burden warrant monitoring; leaves open causal drivers and targeted prevention strategies.
Introduction and Objective: State and sex-specific trends in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) burden among U.S. adolescents and young adults remain uncharacterized despite existing data. We assessed this using the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study 2023 results. Methods: We analyzed GBD state-level rates for T2DM among males (M) and females (F) aged 15-24 years from 1990-2023 for prevalence, incidence, deaths, years lived with disability (YLDs), years of life lost (YLLs), and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). A log-linear regression model was used to estimate Average Annual Percent Change (AAPC) with 95% confidence intervals. Results: The District of Columbia (DC) showed the largest declines in AAPC for both males and females across YLLs (M =−2.699%, F= −4.018%), prevalence (M= −2.174%, F= −1.520%), incidence (M= −2.672%, F= −1.936%), deaths (M= −2.676%, F= −4.027%), and DALYs (M= −2.301%, F= −2.081%). For YLDs, the largest declines were observed in North Dakota (ND) among females (−1.567%) and in DC among males (−2.174%). Among males, the largest increase occurred in ND for YLLs (+2.062%) and deaths (+2.099%), and in Florida (FL) for YLDs (+1.453%), prevalence (+1.458%), incidence (+1.442%), and DALYs (+1.337%). Among females, Arizona (AZ) showed the largest increase in incidence (+1.299%), while Kentucky (KY) had the largest increases in YLDs (+0.950%), prevalence (+0.956%), and DALYs (+0.446%). No state exhibited increasing female YLLs or deaths; the slowest declines were observed in Alaska (AK) (YLLs −0.358%, deaths −0.346%). Conclusion: From 1990-2023, the T2DM burden among U.S. adolescents and young adults showed significant state-level variations, with consistent declines in DC across outcomes but a notable increase in several states, especially among males. These findings highlight the need for state-specific prevention and early management strategies addressing high-growth states and sex-specific patterns.
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Tewari et al. (2026) conducted an observational in Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Time period (1990-2023) was evaluated on Average Annual Percent Change (AAPC) in T2DM prevalence, incidence, deaths, YLDs, YLLs, and DALYs. From 1990-2023, T2DM burden among U.S. youth (15-24 years) varied by state, with DC showing the largest AAPC declines in DALYs (males -2.301%, females -2.081%) while states like FL saw increases.
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