Value of cardiac magnetic resonance feature-tracking in Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy (ACM): A systematic review and meta-analysis

Figures

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  Fig. 1. PRISMA flowchart diagram of literature search and selection process. *Consider, if feasible to do so, reporting the number of records identified from each database or register searched (rather than the total number across all databases/registers). **If automation tools were used, indicate how many records were excluded by a human and how many were excluded by automation tools. From: Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD, et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ 2021;372:n71. doi: 10.1136/bmj.n71. For more information, visit: http://www.prisma-statement.org/.

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  Fig. 2. Forest plots of pooled SMDs of RV GLC, GCS, and GRS Heterogeneity (I2): RV GLS: 87 %, RV GCS: 78 %, RV GRS: 84 %.GCS: Global Circumferential Strain, GLS: Global Longitudinal Strain, GRS: Global Radial Strain.

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  Fig. 3. Forest plots of pooled SMDs and subgroup analysis of RV longitudinal regional strains based on analytic software. Heterogeneity (I2): RV Longitudinal Basal Strain: 0 %, RV Longitudinal Mid Strain: 43 %, RV Longitudinal Apical Strain: 71 %. RV: Right Ventricle.

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  Fig. 4. Forest plots of pooled SMDs and subgroup analysis of RV circumferential and radial regional strains based on analytic software. Heterogeneity (I2): RV Circumferential Basal Strain: 0 %, RV Circumferential Mid Strain: 0 %, RV Circumferential Apical Strain: 0 %, RV Radial Basal Strain: 38 %, RV Radial Mid Strain: 69 %, RV Radial Apical Strain: 0 %. RV: Right Ventricle.

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  Fig. 5. Forest plots of pooled SMDs and subgroup analysis of LV GLS, GCS, and GRS based on analytic software Heterogeneity (I2): LV GLS: 70 %, LV GCS: 37 %, LV GRS: 0 %.GCS: Global Circumferential Strain, GLS: Global Longitudinal Strain, GRS: Global Radial Strain, LV: Left Ventricle.

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  Fig. 6. Forest plots of pooled SMDs of LV circumferential regional strains Heterogeneity (I2): LV circumferential basal strain: 0.0 %, LV circumferential mid-wall strain: 0.0 %, LV circumferential apical strain: 0.0 %.LV: Left Ventricle.

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  Fig. 7. (a) Delayed post-Gadolinium phase-sensitive inversion recovery sequence–four-chamber view–reveals RV free wall Gadolinium enhancement. (b) Global Longitudinal Strain (GLS) of RV free wall reveals a reduced GLS value of −14.0 % (lower limit of normal [95 %CI]: −16.4 % [−17.3 %, −15.5 %]) [42], and (c) color-coded image demonstrates reduced strain with RV free-wall turning green and yellow instead of blue. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.)