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3-O-Acetyl-11-Keto-β-Boswellic Acid (AKBA) has potent anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-arthritic activities. Despite AKBA’s strong therapeutic potential, its clinical utility is hindered by poor solubility, low bioavailability, and extensive first-pass metabolism. Given its lipophilicity, suitable molecular weight, and favourable half-life, transdermal delivery offers a promising alternative to enhance systemic absorption and bypass hepatic metabolism for improved therapeutic outcomes. Objective: Therefore, the present study focuses on the formulation and characterisation of a transdermal nanogel incorporating AKBA and basil oil (AKBA-NEGs), aimed at enhancing its therapeutic efficacy, facilitating better penetration and high anti-inflammatory potential. Methods: The AKBA-NEGs were formulated using a high-energy emulsification method and characterised for physicochemical properties, including particle size, zeta potential, pH, viscosity, and spreadability. Results: In vitro release studies demonstrated a sustained profile, with 84.69 % of the drug released over 24 h. Also, the AKBA-NEGs showed good skin permeability, with 45.44 % of the drug permeating through the skin within 24 h. The AKBA-NEGs showed significant alleviation in the level of proinflammatory mediators (IL-6 and TNF-α at p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively) and DPPH free radicals ( p < 0.05), ensuring immense utility as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agents as compared to standard ascorbic acid. Conclusion: AKBA-NEGs demonstrated enhanced pharmaceutical performance over conventional formulations. Their potential for transdermal delivery offers a promising strategy to overcome AKBA’s bioavailability limitations and achieve sustained therapeutic effects. However, further in vivo and clinical studies are needed to validate long-term safety, efficacy, and skin permeation in humans.
Mishra et al. (Mon,) studied this question.
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